What are the main symptoms of low testosterone?
Medically Reviewed by Matt Maine
Testosterone is a hormone that plays a crucial role in many aspects of health, particularly in men. It’s often associated with masculinity, strength, and vitality, but its importance goes beyond that. Testosterone affects everything from mood and energy levels to muscle mass and bone density. As men age, testosterone levels tend to decline naturally, but in some cases, this decline can happen prematurely or be more severe, leading to a condition known as low testosterone, or Low T. While it’s often discussed in men, low testosterone can also impact women, though the symptoms may differ.
In this blog post, we’ll dive into the main symptoms of low testosterone, what to look for, and when you should consider consulting a healthcare professional.
1. Fatigue and Low Energy
One of the hallmark symptoms of low testosterone is persistent fatigue. This isn’t your run-of-the-mill tiredness that can be resolved with a good night’s sleep—it’s a deep, ongoing lack of energy and drive that can make it difficult to get through the day. Men with low testosterone often describe feeling lethargic, as if they’re constantly dragging themselves through their daily tasks.
2. Reduced Muscle Mass and Strength
Testosterone is a critical hormone for maintaining muscle mass and strength. Men with low testosterone may notice a gradual loss of muscle, even if they’re continuing to work out regularly. Lifting weights may not feel as effective, and muscles may feel softer or weaker. This muscle loss often coincides with an increase in fat deposition and synthesis, particularly around the abdomen, which can exacerbate feelings of physical weakness.
3. Weight Gain and Increased Body Fat
Weight gain, particularly in the midsection, is another common symptom of low testosterone. As muscle mass decreases, the body’s metabolism may slow down, and lower testosterone can lead to reduced fat breakdown making it easier to gain weight. This can be especially frustrating for men who are trying to maintain a healthy lifestyle but find that they’re gaining weight despite their efforts.
4. Reduced Libido and Sexual Performance Issues
One of the most talked-about symptoms of low testosterone is a decrease in sex drive, or libido. Men with low testosterone often report a significant drop in sexual desire, which can lead to frustration and strain on relationships. In addition to low libido, men may experience difficulties with erectile function. Although other factors like stress or underlying health conditions can contribute to erectile dysfunction (ED), low testosterone is often a contributing factor, especially in younger men who do not have other risk factors.
5. Mood Changes and Depression
Low testosterone doesn’t just affect the body—it affects the mind, too. Many men with low testosterone experience mood swings, irritability, or feelings of sadness. In some cases, this can progress to depression. While the exact association between testosterone and mood is still being researched, it’s clear that testosterone plays a role in emotional regulation, and low levels can lead to a decrease in overall well-being.
6. Difficulty Concentrating and Memory Problems
Cognitive function can also be impacted by low testosterone. Many men report issues with memory, concentration, and mental clarity. This is often referred to as “brain fog” and can make it challenging to stay focused or complete tasks. These cognitive changes are subtle at first but can become more pronounced over time.
7. Reduced Bone Density
Testosterone is important for maintaining bone density, which is why men with low testosterone can be at greater risk of related complications such as osteoporosis. Over time, low testosterone can lead to weaker bones, increasing the risk of fractures and breaks. This symptom often goes unnoticed until a bone density test is done or a fracture occurs, but it’s a serious health concern that shouldn’t be overlooked.
8. Sleep Disturbances
Another common symptom of low testosterone is poor sleep. This can manifest as insomnia, difficulty staying asleep, or general restlessness during the night. Additionally, low testosterone is related to sleep apnea, a condition where breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep. This can further worsen fatigue and overall health.
9. Decreased Motivation and Drive
Low testosterone often results in a diminished sense of motivation and drive. Men may lose interest in activities they once enjoyed, whether it’s at work, in hobbies, or in personal relationships. This decline in ambition can contribute to feelings of inadequacy or depression, creating a vicious cycle.
10. Thinning Hair and Changes in Skin
Testosterone also plays a role in maintaining hair and skin health. Men with low testosterone may notice thinning hair or increased hair loss, particularly on the scalp. Some men may also experience changes in skin texture, such as dryness or an overall decrease in skin health.
When to See a Doctor
Experiencing one or two of these symptoms may not necessarily indicate low testosterone, but if you are experiencing several of these issues simultaneously, it might be time to consult a healthcare professional. A simple blood test can measure your testosterone levels, and if they are low, your doctor may discuss treatment options such as lifestyle changes, hormone replacement therapy, or other interventions.
Low testosterone can have a profound impact on both physical and mental health. The symptoms—ranging from fatigue and weight gain to mood swings and sexual dysfunction—can significantly reduce a person’s quality of life if left unaddressed. If you suspect you may have low testosterone, the first step is to reach out to a healthcare provider for evaluation and guidance on how to restore your hormonal balance.
By understanding the symptoms and seeking help early, many men can improve their health, energy levels, and overall well-being.